The report assesses the measures taken by Belgium between July 2022 and June 2026 to prevent vulnerabilities to trafficking in human beings, identify and assist victims in situations of vulnerability, and prosecute traffickers. It focuses in particular on vulnerabilities among specific groups and on the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in trafficking. The report also examines progress made in areas covered by previous evaluation rounds. It sets out the GRETA’s findings and recommendations to the Belgian authorities.

The EUAA’s Practical Guide on Reception Models provides a framework to support national authorities in designing, organising and managing reception systems for applicants for international protection. Drawing on practical experience from EU+ countries, it examines different approaches to governance, accommodation, capacity, resources and coordination. The guide identifies key considerations and guiding questions to help authorities adapt their reception systems to their national context, needs and operational constraints.

The Policy Paper supports the effective transposition and implementation of the revised EU Anti-Trafficking Directive (Directive (EU) 2024/1712), in particular the requirement for EU Member States to establish National Referral Mechanisms (NRMs) and appoint national focal points. It provides an EU-wide overview of the structure and functioning of NRMs and cross-border referral arrangements, based on a comparative analysis across all 27 Member States. It identifies key developments, remaining challenges and areas for further action.

This ad hoc query maps existing legislation, administrative practices, and practical challenges across EMN Members regarding the acceptance of cryptocurrency assets to verify compliance with the requirement on sufficient means of subsistence in residence permit procedures. 

This ad hoc query examines whether the national framework of EMN Member and Observer Countries requires or encourages reception centres to organise initiatives to foster interaction with the local community once operational, and if so, what the main activities are. It also explores whether countries have dedicated staff assigned to organise these neighbourhood initiatives. Finally, the query covers how these initiatives are monitored and evaluated, and the main results and outcomes achieved. 

This ad hoc query examines national data, statistical collection practices, detected cases of misuse, and preventive administrative and legislative checks related to the issuance of residence permits to long-term residents who are third-country nationals and their family members moving from another EU Member State under Directive 2003/109/EC.

This ad hoc query maps existing legislation and practices across EMN Member and Observer Countries regarding entries on travel documents issued to foreign nationals (such as alien's passports or refugee travel documents), specifically concerning whether a person's identity has been verified or not, as well as the process and level of certainty required for establishing identity.

ECRE has published a comparative report on the legal framework for the detention of asylum seekers in 21 EU Member States and five non-EU European countries. The report examines the legal concepts and grounds for detention, procedural safeguards and detention in the context of return procedures. It also considers the potential legal and practical implications of the EU Pact on Migration and Asylum for existing detention frameworks and practices.

ECRE has published a comparative report on places and conditions of detention of people seeking international protection in 21 EU Member States and five non-EU European countries. The report examines the places used for detention, including their management and staffing. It also assesses detention conditions, including living conditions, healthcare, activities, access and monitoring. Finally, it looks at the situation of people in vulnerable positions, including women, families and unaccompanied children.

This ad hoc query maps the use of quota systems and quantitative limits to regulate legal migration across EMN Member and Observer Countries, detailing target groups, establishment methodologies, and the institutional frameworks responsible for setting and adjusting these limits. 

This Inform, covering developments across 23 EMN Member Countries, as well as Serbia and Ukraine, explores the types of early integration measures provided in the different countries, their mode of delivery, the authorities responsible for them, and the funding sources. The Inform also looks at the provision of these measures and activities, including the tools used to provide information, facilitate participation and assess the evolving needs of the target audience, while highlighting both effective practices and the challenges countries experience when implementing early integration measures. 

This ad hoc query maps the legislative frameworks and practices regarding the issuance of residence and work permits to third-country national cargo transport drivers, detailing posting conditions, specific sectoral requirements, and compliance challenges across EMN Member Countries. 

This EMNews, the quarterly newsletter of the European Migration Network (EMN), offers an overview of EU and national developments in asylum and migration policy, as well as key statistics and related EMN publications for the period of April-June 2026.

This ad hoc query examines whether EMN Member and Observer Countries apply mechanisms that regulate or limit the number of citizenship or naturalisation applications that may be submitted or processed within a given period. It also looks at possible future changes and at any legal or practical concerns regarding compatibility with the European Convention on Nationality.

This ad hoc query maps national governance arrangements for implementing Regulations (EU) 2019/817 and 2019/818. It explores the mandates, institutional positioning, and resources of designated interoperability authorities, as well as their duration and future planning.

This ad hoc query examines whether third-country nationals (TCNs) who are subject to national entry bans or are included in "Stop Lists" are removed from these lists upon marriage to an EU citizen. It further maps the specific procedures, required documentation, and assessment criteria used by EMN Member Countries to distinguish genuine relationships from marriages of convenience.

The Asylum Report 2026, published by the European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA), provides a comprehensive overview of asylum-related developments across EU+ countries. It presents the main policy, legislative and operational changes in the asylum field over 2025 and early 2026. The report analyses asylum trends, decision-making practices, reception systems and preparedness for the implementation of the Pact on Migration and Asylum. It also includes comparative country information and key EU-level developments shaping asylum systems across Europe.

This ad hoc query examines which actors are responsible for monitoring the fundamental rights of unaccompanied minors during screening in Member States, and whether the Ombudsmen for children have a role in this procedure. The query explores whether the Ombudsmen are consulted during the screening process, whether they conduct unannounced visits to the facilities where unaccompanied minors are accommodated, whether they can speak with the children in private, and whether they have access to documents concerning the children during the screening process. 

This Inform, covering developments across 22 EMN Member Countries, as well as Norway and Serbia, explores the use of alternatives to providing in-kind housing for applicants for international protection between January 2020 and October 2025. It examines how such measures were implemented while respecting legal obligations and supporting applicants’ autonomy, addressing their vulnerability, and promoting their integration into society. The Inform focuses on financial allowances and vouchers as alternatives to accommodation provided directly by the state and highlights national approaches and innovative solutions identified across participating countries.

This ad hoc query examines whether EMN Member and Observer Countries experience irregular occupancy within their reception systems. It explores whether countries have mechanisms that allow individuals in the reception system to save part of their income to facilitate access to independent housing, or whether direct financial support is provided. The query also considers whether countries have mechanisms for individuals who unjustifiably refuse to leave the reception system, as well as any financial reimbursement mechanisms for costs incurred when an individual remains irregularly.

This Inform, updated on the basis of national contributions from 28 EMN Member and Observer Countries, provides an overview of recent developments and policy approaches in the field of statelessness, with a cut-off date of 31 October 2025. It forms part of the EMN Platform on Statelessness series, building on previous Informs published in 2016, 2020 and 2023.

The European Migration Network's Asylum and Migration Overview (AMO) 2025 provides an overview of legal and policy developments at both EU and national levels, covering various migration and asylum topics, complemented by Eurostat statistics and national data, for the period January to December 2025. 

This ad hoc query examines the ways in which EMN Member and Observer Countries calculate periods of absence in the context of applications for an EU Long-Term Residence Status, which requires 5 years of continuous residence. Additionally, this ad hoc query inquires about the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) or Optical Character Recognition (OCR) in EMN Member and Observer Countries, or any future plans to do so. 

This Inform examines how digital services in legal migration procedures are designed and implemented in EMN Member and Observer Countries to ensure accessibility and inclusion for applicants with disabilities and digitally disadvantaged applicants. It looks at how authorities have adapted applications, document submission, appointment booking, communication and information exchange, and case-tracking services in the context of the ongoing digitalisation of legal migration procedures. The analysis is based on contributions from 25 EMN Member and Observer Countries.

This ad hoc query maps EU Member States' plans to provide free legal counselling to applicants for international protection during their administrative procedure, as foreseen in the Asylum Procedures Regulation (APR). Reporting countries provide details on the entity responsible for providing legal counselling, the format (individual or group sessions), safeguards to guarantee quality counselling, as well as potential limits imposed (time or monetary) to receive such counselling.