Publication date: 12 May 2026
This Inform examines how digital services in legal migration procedures are designed and implemented in EMN Member and Observer Countries to ensure accessibility and inclusion for applicants with disabilities and digitally disadvantaged applicants. It looks at how authorities have adapted applications, document submission, appointment booking, communication and information exchange, and case-tracking services in the context of the ongoing digitalisation of legal migration procedures. The analysis is based on contributions from 25 EMN Member and Observer Countries.
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Main theme: Economic migration, Family reunification, Study § Training, Citizenship & Nationality, Borders & Visa
Publication Type: Informs
Keywords: legal migration, digitalisation, accessibility, inclusion
Publication date: 16 April 2026
This ad hoc query gathers comparative data from EMN Member Countries on the number of citizenships granted annually between 2021 and 2025. It highlights significant disparities in volumes and emerging trends over time, including increases, decreases, or stable patterns. It also provides an overview of the main nationalities acquiring citizenship in selected countries and the different administrative sources used to produce the data.
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Main theme: Citizenship & Nationality
Publication Type: Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords: acquisition of citizenship
Publication date: 24 January 2026
This ad hoc query inquires about experiences and practices across EMN Member and Observer Countries when confronted to cases of children born on their territory to an Iraqi mother, and maps provisions in place to prevent these children being born stateless if Iraqi citizenship cannot be passed.
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Main theme: Citizenship & Nationality
Publication Type: Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords: nationality, acquisition of citizenship, Iraq, child
Publication date: 18 January 2026
This ad hoc query maps existing legislation and practices across EMN Member and Observer Countries with regard to the determination of the nationality of third-country nationals, including documentation required. Questions are also asked on the registration of nationalities of children born on their territory to third-country national parents.
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Main theme: Citizenship & Nationality
Publication Type: Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords: nationality, determination, foreign national, documentary proof
Publication date: 05 January 2026
This ad hoc query maps the status of recognition of Palestine as a sovereign State across EMN Member Countries and the resulting administrative practices regarding statelessness and citizenship for individuals originating from the Palestinian territories.
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Main theme: Statelessness, Citizenship & Nationality
Publication Type: Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords: Palestine, State, statehood, recognition, citizenship, stateless persons
Publication date: 14 December 2025
This ad hoc query, which informed the preparation of an EMN Inform, collected information on how EMN Member and Observer Countries have adapted digital services in legal migration procedures to ensure accessibility and inclusion for applicants with disabilities and digitally disadvantaged applicants. It examined compliance with relevant EU and international frameworks, as well as national legislation. It also explored additional accessibility measures, support for users with special needs, GDPR safeguards, user involvement in service design, and approaches to digital disadvantage, alongside challenges and good practices identified by countries.
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Main theme: Economic migration, Family reunification, Study § Training, Citizenship & Nationality, Borders & Visa
Publication Type: Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords: legal migration, digitalisation, accessibility, inclusion
Publication date: 14 December 2025
This ad hoc query maps the use of both language tests and citizenship tests in the requirements to obtain citizenship across EMN Member and Observer Countries. Information is provided on the language levels, topics tested, and institutions responsible for examining applications, with a particular focus on the testing of adherence to the country’s fundamental values.
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Main theme: Citizenship & Nationality
Publication Type: Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords: access to citizenship, access to nationality, language test, citizenship test, fundamental values
Publication date: 03 June 2024
This ad hoc query maps the pathways to citizenship in place across EMN Member and Observer countries. The information reported covers the possibility of dual citizenship, the residence, linguistic and economic criteria to obtain citizenship, and the process fees required by responding countries.
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Main theme: Citizenship & Nationality
Publication Type: Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords: acquisition of citizenship, Naturalisation, dual citizenship, official language, economic participation, administrative fee
Publication date: 06 April 2024
This ad hoc query offers comparative information on citizenship tests as part of the naturalisation process. It examines whether EMN Member and Observer Countries organise a citizenship test in order to acquire nationality, the authority or institution responsible for administering and drafting these tests, the topics covered, the connection between language and citizenship components in these tests, measures or sanctions in place to prevent potential misuse, and fees for participating in citizenship tests.
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Main theme: Citizenship & Nationality
Publication Type: Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords: citizenship test, Naturalisation, acquisition of citizenship
Publication date: 22 February 2024
This ad hoc query offers comparative information on existing legislation on the acquisition of citizenship for new generations. It examines EMN Member and Observer Countries’ changes in legislative developments and regulations since 1 January 2020, the prerequisites and requirements embodied in these changes, and the impact of these changes on the procedure for acquiring citizenship.
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Main theme: Citizenship & Nationality
Publication Type: Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords: acquisition of citizenship, new generation
Publication date: 19 June 2023
EMN Sweden launched an ad hoc query regarding the derived right of residence of a third-country national family member under Article 20 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU (TFEU). These questions were launched in the context of the Swedish Migration Agency’s analysis of the judgment of the CJEU in joined cases C-451/19 and C-532/19 (XU and QP).
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Main theme: Citizenship & Nationality
Publication Type: Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords: Treaty, derived right of residence, dependency
Publication date: 08 July 2020
Integration through acquisition of citizenship has become an important topic in many EU Member States in recent years, as the number of new migrants arriving in the EU has increased in recent years. The EMN study found that citizenship is seen by Member States as either the culmination of the integration process or as facilitating the integration process. However, in most Member States, third-country nationals are not actively encouraged to apply for citizenship.
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Main theme: Citizenship & Nationality
Publication Type: Thematic Studies
Publication date: 26 June 2018
In this annual report Myria analyses the current migration and tests policy and practice against respect for fundamental rights. Myria draws conclusions and formulates policy recommandations.
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Main theme: Regularization, Data & Statistics, International Protection, Economic migration, Family reunification, Citizenship & Nationality
Publication Type: Report
Keywords: fundamental rights
Publication date: 17 April 2017
Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union, published today a press release with 2015 data on the acquisition of citizenship in the EU. The main conclusions are that EU Member States granted citizenship to fewer persons in 2015, and Moroccans, Albanians and Turks remain the main recipients.
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Publication date: 15 July 2014
The Federal Migration Centre made a brochure with information on access to the Belgian Nationality after the new Nationality Code came into force on 1 January 2013. This is the fourth edition of this brochure.
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Main theme: Citizenship & Nationality
Keywords: nationality code
Publication date: 03 January 2013
This EMN Inform summarises the main developments in 2011 in legal migration and mobility. Topics addressed include statistics, promoting legal migration channels, economic, family Reunification and integration.
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Main theme: Economic migration, Family reunification, Citizenship & Nationality, Integration
Publication Type: Informs
Keywords: legal migration, mobility
Publication date: 10 October 2012
20 Member States have responded to an ad hoc query on the existence of citizenship tests in order to obtain citizenship, what these citizenship tests are composed of and which assessment criteria are applied.
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Main theme: Citizenship & Nationality
Publication Type: Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords: acquisition of citizenship, citizenship test
Publication date: 20 February 2012
Philipe Fargues, director of the Migration Policy Centre at the European University Institute of Florence, gives a view of the current difficulties immigrants face in the Gulf States.
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Publication date: 26 October 2011
Working Paper of the Centre for Social Policy (CSB) by Vincent Corluy, Ive Marx and Gerlinde Verbist
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Main theme: Economic migration, Citizenship & Nationality, Integration
Keywords: citizenship, employment, Naturalisation
Publication date: 26 August 2011
In this report a detailed overview is given of the Belgian legislation regarding citizenship.
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Main theme: Citizenship & Nationality
Publication Type: Report
Publication date: 23 June 2011
This is the Annual Report 2010 of the Belgian Immigration Office (Dienst Vreemdelingenzaken/Office des Etrangers)
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Publication date: 15 June 2011
Ad hoc query, requested on April 14, 2011 by the European Commission concerning the conditions of acquiring citizenship in the different Member States of the European Union. 22 responses
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Main theme: Citizenship & Nationality
Publication Type: Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords: citizenship, Zambrano
Publication date: 11 May 2011
The Centre for Equal Opportunities and Opposition to Racism (Centre) published its fourth annual report 'Migration'. The Centre pleads for the third year in a row for a sustainable migration policy in Belgium.
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Main theme: Asylum, Migration, Family reunification, Citizenship & Nationality, Irregular Migration, Return & Readmission, Regularization
Publication Type: Report
Keywords: annual report, migration policy
Publication date:
According to figures published by Statbel on 10 June 2026, 69.017 persons acquired Belgian nationality in 2025. The most common previous nationalities among those who became Belgian were Moroccan, Romanian, Syrian, Polish and Italian. Compared to 2024, the number of acquisitions of Belgian nationality increased by almost 9.000.
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Main theme: Citizenship & Nationality
Keywords: Belgian nationality, access to nationality
Publication date:
The Antwerp Family Court has annulled the decisions of local civil registry officials that sought to revoke the Belgian nationality of children born in Belgium to Palestinian parents. In five rulings issued on 27 February 2026, the court emphasised that depriving these children of nationality would be contrary to their best interests.
