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Content type

  • Publications (21)

Publication type

  • EMN Studies (7)
  • EMN Informs (8)
  • (-) EMN Ad Hoc Queries (21)
  • External publications (18)

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  • International Protection (45)
  • Economic migration (34)
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  • Reception (17)
  • (-) Student Migration (12)
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  • Temporary protection (12)
  • (-) Borders & Visa (11)
  • Irregular Migration (10)
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  • Smuggling & Trafficking (2)
  • External Dimension (2)

Year

  • 2026 (5)
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Ad Hoc Query on interoperability authorities

15/06/2026

This ad hoc query maps national governance arrangements for implementing Regulations (EU) 2019/817 and 2019/818. It explores the mandates, institutional positioning, and resources of designated interoperability authorities, as well as their duration and future planning.

Theme:
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
interoperability
national authority
EU information systems
database
border management
security

Ad Hoc Query on methodology for calculating periods of absence

15/05/2026

This ad hoc query examines the ways in which EMN Member and Observer Countries calculate periods of absence in the context of applications for an EU Long-Term Residence Status, which requires 5 years of continuous residence. Additionally, this ad hoc query inquires about the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) or Optical Character Recognition (OCR) in EMN Member and Observer Countries, or any future plans to do so. 

Theme:
Economic migration
Family Migration
Student Migration
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
long-term residence
continuous residence
period of absence
entry exit system
digitalisation

Ad Hoc Query on applications for a single permit to reside and work from a short stay

30/04/2026

This ad hoc query examines whether EMN Member Countries allow persons holding a Schengen visa and persons enjoying visa-free travel to apply for a single permit on their territory during their short stay. Additionally, the ad hoc query inquires about different aspects of such procedures as well as possibilities for third-country nationals to obtain a visa for the purpose of seeking employment.   

Theme:
Economic migration
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
Schengen visa
visa-free travel
single permit
migrant worker

Ad Hoc Query on medical examination requirements in future amendments of national residence permit regulations

10/04/2026

This ad hoc query examines the extent to which EMN Member and Observer Countries require medical certificates in the context of applications for temporary and permanent residence permits. More specifically, it inquires at what stage in the procedure the medical certificate is requested and what medical conditions are examined.  

Theme:
Economic migration
Family Migration
Student Migration
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
application for a residence permit
medical examination
medical certificate

Ad Hoc Query on criminal record certificates

18/01/2026

This ad hoc query provides an overview of which EMN Member and Observer Countries require criminal record certificates in order to issue long-stay visas or residence permits. Details are provided on the categories of third-country nationals exempted from this requirement, the countries from which these certificates are required (country of origin and/or of previous residence), the other types of documents that may be accepted in lieu of a certificate (such as an affidavit), and more.

Theme:
Economic migration
Family Migration
Student Migration
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
visa
residence permit
application
criminal record certificate
security

Ad Hoc Query on challenges and opportunities in the use of digital services in legal migration procedures

14/12/2025

This ad hoc query, which informed the preparation of an EMN Inform, collected information on how EMN Member and Observer Countries have adapted digital services in legal migration procedures to ensure accessibility and inclusion for applicants with disabilities and digitally disadvantaged applicants. It examined compliance with relevant EU and international frameworks, as well as national legislation. It also explored additional accessibility measures, support for users with special needs, GDPR safeguards, user involvement in service design, and approaches to digital disadvantage, alongside challenges and good practices identified by countries.

Theme:
Economic migration
Family Migration
Student Migration
Citizenship & Nationality
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
legal migration
digitalisation
accessibility
inclusion

Ad Hoc Query on application of EU rules on carriers' liability in Member States

14/12/2025

Carriers transporting third-country nationals by air, sea, or land to the Schengen area are required to take all necessary measures to ensure that these individuals hold the travel documents needed for entry into the Schengen States. The European Commission has launched three ad hoc queries, each focusing on a specific aspect of carriers’ liability: the framework of sanctions and penalties; responsibility for costs; and cooperation with carriers and control/supervision.

Theme:
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
Schengen Agreement
carriers' liability
sanction
penalty
responsibility
supervision
compliance

Ad Hoc Query on residence permits for the purpose of studies of third-country national minors

14/11/2025

This ad hoc query maps the legislation and current practices in EMN Member and Observer Countries regarding the issuance of authorisations to stay for study purposes granted to minors. This mapping includes eligibility criteria, procedural requirements, and information on who assumes responsibility for the minor during their stay in the receiving country.

Theme:
Student Migration
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
residence permit
authorisation to stay
minor
education

Ad Hoc Query on procedures for providing missing or supplementary information in application processes

10/11/2025

This ad hoc query examines whether national procedures allow or require immigration officers to request missing or additional information from applicants for legal migration after an initially incomplete application, and, if so, under what circumstances, to what extent, and within which deadlines.

Theme:
Economic migration
Family Migration
Student Migration
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
legal migration
application for a residence permit
missing information

Ad Hoc Query on proof of necessary funds in study-based residence permit applications

15/08/2025

This ad hoc query examines how EMN Member and Observer countries verify that third-country nationals applying for residence permits with the purpose of study have sufficient funds to support themselves during their stay. The query also explores trends in the issuance of residence permits for third-country national students and their family members in recent years.

Theme:
Student Migration
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
student
sufficient financial resources
documentary proof
residence permit
application for family reunification

Ad Hoc Query on visas and the right to work

30/11/2024

This ad hoc query examines national regulations and practices concerning the employment of third-country nationals during short stays or visa-free stays, as well as the procedures in place to issue long-stay D-visas for the purpose of employment.

Theme:
Economic migration
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
short-stay visa
long-stay visa
right to work
access to employment

Ad Hoc Query on pre-requisites to residence permits

29/11/2024

This ad hoc query examines whether EMN Member Countries issue visas, short-term permits, or temporary authorisations of stay before third-country nationals can receive a residence permit and, if so, which conditions apply and which processes are in place.

Theme:
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
application for a residence permit
right of entry

Ad Hoc Query on visa-misuse

18/07/2024

Many of the applicants for international protection are believed to hold or have held a visa in order to enter the territory, but their number remains unknown. This ad hoc query maps the collection of statistics on migrants who enter the Schengen area legally but who subsequently lodge an asylum application in an EU Member State.

Theme:
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
visa
Schengen area
misuse
application for international protection

Ad Hoc Query on intra-EU mobility for international students (Directive 2016/801)

18/07/2024

This ad hoc query focuses on the implementation of Article 31(2) of Directive 2016/801, which sets out the conditions for notifying mobility of students between two or more EU Member States. The query examines the mobility notification process, existing arrangements in the absence of an official notification process, and the rules applicable to students covered by an EU programme, a multilateral programme involving mobility measures or an agreement between two or more higher education institutions, as opposed to those applicable to students who are not.

Theme:
Student Migration
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
student mobility
notification
mobility agreement

Ad Hoc Query on access to education and employment for irregularly staying migrants

11/10/2023

In response to the growing awareness of the barriers for irregularly staying adult migrants to access higher education, vocational training and employment, the Netherlands sought to map out existing legislation and practices in other EMN Member countries to facilitate this access.

Theme:
Economic migration
Student Migration
Irregular Migration
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
access to education
access to employment
irregularly staying third-country national

Ad Hoc Query on access to the labour market for family members of international students

14/08/2022

Do Member States grant access to the labour market to family members of international students and, if so, to which family members and under which conditions? This ad hoc query launched by Belgium shows that policies and practices in this matter still vary among Member States.

Theme:
Economic migration
Family Migration
Student Migration
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
student
family member
labour market access

Ad Hoc Query on transposition of directive 2016/801 (students, au pairs, …)

24/04/2017

23 (Member) States provided information on how they are currently dealing with some aspects of Directive 2016/801, in particular types of financial resources used by international students, the use of frozen/blocked accounts by international students, and approved/recognised organisations mediating au pairs. This ad-hoc query was launched by the Belgian Contact Point to the EMN.

Theme:
Economic migration
Student Migration
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
student directive

Ad Hoc Query on the validity of the long term visa (D visa)

27/02/2012

This ad hoc query has been answered by 12 European Member States and by Norway. The participating countries explain their national legislations concerning the long-term visa (D visa).

Theme:
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
visa requirements

Ad Hoc Query on the employment of third-country students

25/05/2011

Ad hoc query, requested by the Swedish NCP concerning the possibilities for third-country students to remain in a European Union Member State after completing their studies in the EU. 20 responses

Theme:
Economic migration
Student Migration
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
student migration

Ad Hoc Query on "blank passports"

25/05/2011

Ad hoc query, requested on February 16, 2011, by the Dutch NCP concerning foreign national passports, sent by mail to the holder or a family member (so-called 'blank passports'). 16 responses

Theme:
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries

Ad Hoc Query on consequences of the lifting of visa obligation for FYROM, Montenegro and Serbia

01/04/2011

Ad hoc query, requested by the Belgian NCP on 18 February 2010 concerning a possible increase of asylum applicants from Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro due to the lifting of visa obligations for citizens of those countries - 17 responses

Theme:
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
Macedonia
Montenegro
Serbia
visa liberalisation
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