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Content type

  • Publications (23)

Publication type

  • EMN Studies (5)
  • EMN Informs (9)
  • (-) EMN Ad Hoc Queries (23)
  • External publications (13)

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  • International Protection (45)
  • Economic migration (34)
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  • Vulnerable groups (23)
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  • Reception (17)
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  • (-) Temporary protection (12)
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  • Irregular Migration (10)
  • Statelessness (3)
  • Smuggling & Trafficking (2)
  • External Dimension (2)

Year

  • 2026 (4)
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Ad Hoc Query on interoperability authorities

15/06/2026

This ad hoc query maps national governance arrangements for implementing Regulations (EU) 2019/817 and 2019/818. It explores the mandates, institutional positioning, and resources of designated interoperability authorities, as well as their duration and future planning.

Theme:
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
interoperability
national authority
EU information systems
database
border management
security

Ad Hoc Query on applications for a single permit to reside and work from a short stay

30/04/2026

This ad hoc query examines whether EMN Member Countries allow persons holding a Schengen visa and persons enjoying visa-free travel to apply for a single permit on their territory during their short stay. Additionally, the ad hoc query inquires about different aspects of such procedures as well as possibilities for third-country nationals to obtain a visa for the purpose of seeking employment.   

Theme:
Economic migration
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
Schengen visa
visa-free travel
single permit
migrant worker

Ad Hoc Query on (planned) projects aimed at fostering the connection of BoTPs to Ukraine

19/01/2026

This ad hoc query examines whether EMN Member Countries are developing or considering initiatives to maintain and strengthen the connections between beneficiaries of temporary protection displaced from Ukraine and their country of origin. It aims to map projects that support continued engagement with Ukraine, including information provision to enable informed decisions about possible return. The query also explores whether such initiatives contribute to future recovery and sustainable reintegration.

Theme:
Temporary protection
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
beneficiary of temporary protection
connection
Ukraine
reintegration

Ad Hoc Query on criminal record certificates

18/01/2026

This ad hoc query provides an overview of which EMN Member and Observer Countries require criminal record certificates in order to issue long-stay visas or residence permits. Details are provided on the categories of third-country nationals exempted from this requirement, the countries from which these certificates are required (country of origin and/or of previous residence), the other types of documents that may be accepted in lieu of a certificate (such as an affidavit), and more.

Theme:
Economic migration
Family Migration
Student Migration
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
visa
residence permit
application
criminal record certificate
security

Ad Hoc Query on challenges and opportunities in the use of digital services in legal migration procedures

14/12/2025

This ad hoc query, which informed the preparation of an EMN Inform, collected information on how EMN Member and Observer Countries have adapted digital services in legal migration procedures to ensure accessibility and inclusion for applicants with disabilities and digitally disadvantaged applicants. It examined compliance with relevant EU and international frameworks, as well as national legislation. It also explored additional accessibility measures, support for users with special needs, GDPR safeguards, user involvement in service design, and approaches to digital disadvantage, alongside challenges and good practices identified by countries.

Theme:
Economic migration
Family Migration
Student Migration
Citizenship & Nationality
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
legal migration
digitalisation
accessibility
inclusion

Ad Hoc Query on application of EU rules on carriers' liability in Member States

14/12/2025

Carriers transporting third-country nationals by air, sea, or land to the Schengen area are required to take all necessary measures to ensure that these individuals hold the travel documents needed for entry into the Schengen States. The European Commission has launched three ad hoc queries, each focusing on a specific aspect of carriers’ liability: the framework of sanctions and penalties; responsibility for costs; and cooperation with carriers and control/supervision.

Theme:
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
Schengen Agreement
carriers' liability
sanction
penalty
responsibility
supervision
compliance

Ad Hoc Query on assessment of BoTP vulnerability for accommodation and social welfare provision

07/11/2025

This ad hoc query examines the approaches taken by EMN Member Countries regarding potential changes to support measures for beneficiaries of temporary protection (BoTPs) with respect to accommodation and social welfare. It examines whether changes were applied retroactively and whether different levels of support persist across groups. The query investigates the existence of differentiated support for vulnerable BoTPs and how vulnerability is defined and assessed. 

Theme:
Reception
Temporary protection
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
beneficiary of temporary protection
vulnerability
accommodation
social benefits

Ad Hoc Query on termination of temporary protection residence permit upon granting in another EU Member State

31/08/2025

This ad hoc query examines whether EMN Member and Observer countries allow the revocation of temporary protection residence permits when beneficiaries are granted temporary protection in another Member State under Article 8(1) of Directive 2001/55/EC. It seeks to identify the legal provisions governing such revocation or, where applicable, alternative approaches.

Theme:
Temporary protection
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
temporary protection
residence permit
revocation
termination

Ad Hoc Query on support measures for beneficiaries of temporary protection

28/05/2025

This ad hoc query explores the types of support measures provided by EMN Member Countries to beneficiaries of temporary protection (BoTP), including accommodation, financial aid, administrative and logistical services, and medical care. It also examines the eligibility criteria for these measures, the differences from support offered to applicants for international protection (AIPs), and whether entitlements continue for BoTP who are employed. 

Theme:
Temporary protection
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
beneficiary of temporary protection
support measures
accommodation
financial aid
medical care

Ad Hoc Query on voluntary return of Ukrainian beneficiaries of temporary protection

07/03/2025

This ad hoc query examines the voluntary return procedures for Ukrainian nationals granted temporary protection in EU Member States, focusing on the support provided for their return and reintegration. The aim is to understand the various national approaches to facilitating voluntary returns, including whether reintegration assistance is offered and how these programmes are funded.

 

Theme:
Temporary protection
Return & Readmission
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
beneficiary of temporary protection
voluntary return
reintegration
Ukraine

Ad Hoc Query on visas and the right to work

30/11/2024

This ad hoc query examines national regulations and practices concerning the employment of third-country nationals during short stays or visa-free stays, as well as the procedures in place to issue long-stay D-visas for the purpose of employment.

Theme:
Economic migration
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
short-stay visa
long-stay visa
right to work
access to employment

Ad Hoc Query on pre-requisites to residence permits

29/11/2024

This ad hoc query examines whether EMN Member Countries issue visas, short-term permits, or temporary authorisations of stay before third-country nationals can receive a residence permit and, if so, which conditions apply and which processes are in place.

Theme:
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
application for a residence permit
right of entry

Ad Hoc Query on national statuses for persons fleeing the war in Ukraine

30/08/2024

This ad hoc query examines whether EMN Member Countries provide alternative legal statuses, aside from temporary protection, for persons fleeing the war in Ukraine within their national legislation and explores whether these statuses grant certain rights beyond temporary protection. Additionally, it considers whether EMN Member Countries have plans to create and offer beneficiaries of temporary protection a more permanent status, other than international protection, before the expiration of temporary protection.

Theme:
Temporary protection
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
temporary protection
Ukraine
national status
residence permit

Ad Hoc Query on applications for temporary protection by persons with dual nationality

25/08/2024

This ad hoc query examines whether EMN Member and Observer Countries have provisions in their current legislation that allow for the refusal of an application for temporary protection by a Ukrainian national solely on the basis that the applicant also holds the nationality of an EU Member State. Additionally, it explores how EMN Member and Observer Countries proceed when they receive such applications.

Theme:
Temporary protection
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
temporary protection
dual nationality
Ukraine

Ad Hoc Query on visa-misuse

18/07/2024

Many of the applicants for international protection are believed to hold or have held a visa in order to enter the territory, but their number remains unknown. This ad hoc query maps the collection of statistics on migrants who enter the Schengen area legally but who subsequently lodge an asylum application in an EU Member State.

Theme:
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
visa
Schengen area
misuse
application for international protection

Ad Hoc Query on fostering self-reliance of the beneficiaries of temporary protection

08/02/2024

This ad hoc query identifies which EMN Member and Observer Countries promote self-reliance of beneficiaries of temporary protection by paying a one-off lump sum to cover the initial costs associated with their transition from the temporary collective housing to regular private housing. In addition, it addresses the control mechanisms in place to prevent misuse and ensure the efficiency of the system.

Theme:
Temporary protection
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
temporary protection
housing
self-reliance

Ad Hoc Query on practices and challenges in identifying victims of torture and ill-treatment in the context of international and temporary protection

13/10/2023

This ad hoc query focuses on the early detection and identification of presumed victims of torture or other forms of inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment in international and temporary protection procedures. It inter alia collects information from EMN Member Countries on guidance and training available to competent authorities, on referrals to medico-legal assessments and use of medico-legal documentation as well as on challenges and good practices in this field.

Theme:
Vulnerable groups
International Protection
Temporary protection
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
torture
ill-treatment
victim
international protection
temporary protection

Ad Hoc Query on innovation in language learning

06/03/2023

In response to the large influx of Ukrainian refugees, the Estonian Ministry of Culture is looking into setting up new possibilities for e-learning the local language. The objective of this query is to map other EMN Member and Observer Countries’ experience with technologies such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and augmented reality, to develop an offer of virtual language learning.

Theme:
Integration
Temporary protection
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
e-learning
language learning
artificial intelligence

Ad Hoc Query on extension of certificates/residence permits for beneficiaries of temporary protection

04/12/2022

Have Member States planned to extend or issue new documents certifying the right of residence to beneficiaries of temporary protection whose certificates/visas/residence permits issued in 2022 are going to expire on 4 March 2023? This ad hoc query explores how Member States will address this, taking into account the large number of Ukrainians concerned.

Theme:
Temporary protection
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
temporary protection
residence permit

Ad Hoc Query on supporting measures for Ukrainians wishing to go back to Ukraine on a voluntary basis

26/10/2022

Are the Member States providing any support measures to Ukrainian citizens wishing to go back to Ukraine on a voluntary basis? This ad hoc query launched by Estonia examines the current measures as well as possible plans, including to develop long-term support measures/programs for Ukrainians who wish to voluntarily go back to Ukraine.

Theme:
Temporary protection
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
voluntary return
Ukraine

Ad Hoc Query on the validity of the long term visa (D visa)

27/02/2012

This ad hoc query has been answered by 12 European Member States and by Norway. The participating countries explain their national legislations concerning the long-term visa (D visa).

Theme:
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
visa requirements

Ad Hoc Query on "blank passports"

25/05/2011

Ad hoc query, requested on February 16, 2011, by the Dutch NCP concerning foreign national passports, sent by mail to the holder or a family member (so-called 'blank passports'). 16 responses

Theme:
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries

Ad Hoc Query on consequences of the lifting of visa obligation for FYROM, Montenegro and Serbia

01/04/2011

Ad hoc query, requested by the Belgian NCP on 18 February 2010 concerning a possible increase of asylum applicants from Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro due to the lifting of visa obligations for citizens of those countries - 17 responses

Theme:
Borders & Visa
Publication type:
Ad Hoc Queries
Keywords:
Macedonia
Montenegro
Serbia
visa liberalisation
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