The Guidelines – developed under the EMN Return Expert Group (REG) - propose a common methodology that Member States can follow to monitor and evaluate AVVR programmes.

In this dissertation to obtain the degree of Doctor at Maastricht University, Marieke van Houte shows that the expectations on which migration and development policies are based only apply to a small minority of returnees, who are not the group that is targeted by these policies.

The study was conceived and commissioned as part of the Australian Government Department of Immigration and Border Protection’s Irregular Migration Research Programme and supported by the IOM and is one of the largest comparative projects on this topic in recent years.

This publication focuses on Brazilian migrants who have resided in Belgium and who returned to Brazil through the system of voluntary return. The thesis investigates if and how these returnees become actors of development in their home region in Brazil.

2011 stands out not only for the migration dynamics that have flowed into, out of and within the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, but also for the unprecedented social movements that have transformed the political culture. IOM addresses challenges and oppportunites experienced in 2011.

The Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration (AVRR) 2011 Annual Report outlines IOM’s work carried out during 2011 in the areas of AVRR and `Post-Arrival and Reintegration Assistance` (PARA).

The REAB Annual Report 2011 gives an overview of developments and latest trends regarding stakeholders, assistance and approaches addressing the return and reintegration of migrants. It offers a basis for further recommendations on AVRR and return management, more particularly in Belgium.