The guide examines reception models across three main areas: governance of reception systems, organisation of the reception model and management of the reception system. It emphasises that, under the 2024 Reception Conditions Directive, Member States have flexibility to organise their reception systems according to their national structures, resources, capacities and operational needs, provided that common EU standards are met. Different approaches can therefore be combined within a national reception system.

Regarding governance, the guide highlights the importance of clearly defined responsibilities and effective coordination between the actors involved in reception. Responsibilities may be organised through centralised, decentralised or mixed models, involving national authorities, regional and local administrations, specialised agencies and external providers. The choice of governance model should take account of the national institutional context and ensure continuity and quality in the provision of reception conditions.

The organisation of reception models covers the different ways in which accommodation and support can be provided. These include regular reception centres, screening facilities, facilities adapted to applicants with specific reception needs, independent housing and other specialised or temporary arrangements. The guide stresses that reception models can combine different types of accommodation and support depending on the characteristics and needs of the population accommodated and the operational context.

The management of reception systems requires authorities to anticipate changes in demand and ensure the availability of sufficient financial, human and material resources. The guide highlights forecasting, scenario modelling and capacity-informed budgeting as tools that can support planning for different levels of arrivals. It also examines different approaches to managing reception facilities, including direct management by public authorities, management through external providers and mixed management models.

Finally, the guide addresses the role of data and case management systems in supporting coordination and continuity throughout the reception and asylum processes. Effective information management can facilitate the exchange of relevant information between authorities and service providers, while safeguards for data protection and confidentiality need to be maintained. 

For further information, please read the report attached above.